Carol W. Maddox
Associate Professor,
Veterinary Pathobiology
Associate Professor, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory
Professional Interests: Recently,
our laboratory has become heavily involved in studies of Streptococcus
equi ssp. equi virulence and discriminating between various
strains responsible for clinical strangles infections among horses. Currently
we are working to construct a gene library and determine the function
of as yet undefined virulence genes via a combination of proteomic studies,
sequence analysis of specific mutants and in vitro and in vivo models
for evaluating attenuation. We are trying to link phenotypic changes
that we have detected in carbohydrate and methyl pyruvate metabolism
to roles in capsule production, adhesion, invasion, and survival in host
cells. Our latest findings suggest that a bacterocin-like inhibitory
substance (BLIS) may be of value in preventing or treating strangles.
Many
of our other research projects are fueled by clinical and diagnostic
needs for pathogen and virulence detection. An increase in prevalence
of leptospirosis among canines has been linked to urban sprawl, mild
winters and specifically water retention ponds in new housing developments.
One group is working on sequencing leptospira lipopolysaccharide genes
to develop a serovar specific qPCR assay and is investigating newly emerging
serovars that are not included in current vaccines.
Historically,
my research has dealt with foodborne pathogens and gastroenteric diseases.
We are analyzing Clostridium perfringens toxin
genes to determine if evolutionary changes may alter the host specificity
and toxin pathogenicity. We have also done a great deal of work on the
molecular epidemiology of Salmonella infections, antimicrobial resistance
studies of Enterococcus sp. and E. coli,. as well as
studies of other zoonotic pathogens, including Campylobacter sp.
and Helicobacter pylori.
Selected Publications:
Rooney AP, JL Swezey, R Friedman, DW Hecht, CW Maddox. 2006 Analysis of Core Housekeeping and Virulence Genes Reveals Cryptic Lineages of Clostridium perfringens. Genetics 172:2081-2092.
Cooke CL, RS Singer, CW Maddox and RIsaacson. (2006) The use of pooled samples and PCR for the detection of Salmonella in feces. J Vet Diag Invest 18:319-325.
NACMACF - Subcommittee on Redefining Pasteurization. (May 2006) Requisite Scientific Parameters for Establishing the Equivalence of Alternative Methods for Pasteurization J of Food Protection 69(5): 1190-1216.
Nucera DM, CW Maddox, P Hoien-Dalen and RW Weigel. (2006) Comparison of API 20E and invA -PCR for Identification of Salmonella enterica in Isolates from Swine Production Units. J Clin Microb 44(9):3388-3390.
Hegde NV, ML Cook, DR Wolfgang, BC Love, CW Maddox and BM Jayaro. (2005) Dissemination of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Typhimurium var. Copenhagen Clonal Types through a Contract Heifer-Raising Operation. J Clin Microb 43 (8):4208-4211.
Middleton JR, WH Fales, CD Luby, JL Oaks, S Sanchez, JM Kinyon, CC Wu, CW Maddox, RD Welsh and F Hartmann. (2005) Surveillance of Staphylococcus aureus in Veterinary Teaching Hospitals J Clin Microb 43(6):2916-2919.
Singer R, S Patterson, A Meier, J Gibson, H Lee and C Maddox. (2004) Relationship between phenotypic and genotypic florfenicol resistance in Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48(10):4047-4049.
Maddox CW. (2003) Salmonella Detection Methods. Chapter 10 In: Microbial Food Safety in Animal Agriculture: Current Topics.eds. R. Isaacson and M. Torrence Iowa State Press, Ames, IA-Released June 2003 ISBN#0-8138-1495-2.
Farhat, CW Maddox, ME Edwards MH, Costell JA, Hadley and R Vasilatos-Younken. (2002) Oral Lavage with Polyethylene Glycol Reduces Microbial Colonization in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Broilers. Poultry Science 81:585-589.
DebRoy C and C Maddox. (2001)Assessing Virulence of Gastroenteric Escherichia coli Isolates of Veterinary Significance. Animal Health Research Reviews Vol. 1 (2):129-140 Dec 2001.
Zhang S and C Maddox (2000) Cytotoxic
Activity of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in Bovine Mastitis. Infect
Immun 68(3): 1102-1108.
